Substrate selectivity in glutamate-dependent acid resistance in enteric bacteria

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Substrate selectivity in glutamate-dependent acid resistance in enteric bacteria.

The bacterial antiporter GadC plays a central role in the glutamate (Glu)-dependent acid resistance system, which protects enteric bacteria against the extreme acidity of the human stomach. Upon acid shock, GadC imports Glu into the cytoplasm, where Glu decarboxylases consume a cytoplasmic proton, which ends up as a "virtual" proton in the decarboxylated product γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and i...

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Substrate selectivity in arginine-dependent acid resistance in enteric bacteria.

To successfully colonize the human gut, enteric bacteria must activate acid resistance systems to survive the extreme acidity (pH 1.5-3.5) of the stomach. The antiporter AdiC is the master orchestrator of the arginine-dependent system. Upon acid shock, it imports extracellular arginine (Arg) into the cytoplasm, providing the substrate for arginine decarboxylases, which consume a cellular proton...

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Chaperone-dependent mechanisms for acid resistance in enteric bacteria.

The extremely acidic environment of the mammalian stomach not only serves to facilitate food digestion but also acts as a natural barrier against infections of food-borne pathogens. Many pathogenic bacteria, such as enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, can breach this host defense and cause severe diseases. These pathogens have evolved multiple intricate strategies to overcome the bactericidal a...

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Protection of the glutamate pool concentration in enteric bacteria.

The central nitrogen metabolic circuit in enteric bacteria consists of three enzymes: glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). With the carbon skeleton provided by 2-oxoglutarate, ammonia/ammonium (NH(4)(+)) is assimilated into two central nitrogen intermediates, glutamate and glutamine. Although both serve as nitrogen donors for all biosynthetic need...

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OBJECTIVES A plasmid-encoded multidrug efflux pump, OqxAB, identified in Escherichia coli of porcine origin, was tested for substrate specificity against selected antibiotics, detergents and disinfectants. The ability of horizontal transfer to food-borne pathogens of the Enterobacteriaceae family was also investigated. METHODS The MICs of selected substrates were determined with a broth dilut...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

سال: 2013

ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1301444110